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Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.) Mar 2022Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in Caucasians. It is slow growing and rarely metastasizes. If left untreated over time, invasive growth can occur....
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in Caucasians. It is slow growing and rarely metastasizes. If left untreated over time, invasive growth can occur. We present a patient case with a primary BCC located in the right sub-mammary area, with extensive metastases to the skeleton and bone marrow. Histopathological examination of the tumour showed BCC with a diverse growth pattern. There were no signs of local metastases. Surgery was successfully performed. Three months post-surgery the patient developed normocytic anaemia and elevated inflammation markers. [F]FDG PET/CT showed extensive FDG uptake in the entire skeleton and bone marrow. Biopsy confirmed the infiltration of BCC with similar histopathological features as the primary tumour. Prognosis of metastasized BCC is poor and, therefore, long-term follow-up of patients with risk factors is of importance.
Topics: Bone Marrow Neoplasms; Bone Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 35448152
DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29040178 -
Current Health Sciences Journal 2022Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer in the fair-skinned adult population over 50 years of age and the incidence is rising. Generally, BCC has an...
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer in the fair-skinned adult population over 50 years of age and the incidence is rising. Generally, BCC has an indolent course, low mortality and a good prognosis due to low rates of metastasis. Giant basal cell carcinoma is a rare reported oncological entity which accounts for 0.5% to 1% of all cases of BCC and has a diameter larger than 5cm. Basosquamous carcinoma is a rare high-risk type of BCC with clinical and histopathological features of both BCC and squamous cell carcinoma. A 61-year-old female presented to our clinic for a giant bleeding tumor located under her left breast. She initially noted the tumor almost 15 years ago. Although the patient was a nurse, she was afraid to seek medical advice until an episode of significant bleeding. At presentation the tumor was a 15/7cm in size, was invading the underlying structures and had a central ulceration. The margins of the tumoral plaque had several nodules and pearly structures suggesting the possible clinical diagnosis of BCC.
PubMed: 36815085
DOI: 10.12865/CHSJ.48.03.13 -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Jan 2023
PubMed: 36892395
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1301a2 -
Sisli Etfal Hastanesi Tip Bulteni 2021Scalp defects may occur following trauma, radiotherapy, oncologic resection, and recurrent surgeries. The hair-bearing scalp has a dual role, which consists of...
OBJECTIVE
Scalp defects may occur following trauma, radiotherapy, oncologic resection, and recurrent surgeries. The hair-bearing scalp has a dual role, which consists of protecting the calvarium and contributing to aesthetic appearance. While the "reconstructive ladder" approach may be used to close small and medium-sized scalp defects, it is not the case for larger ones involving the calvarium or with a radiation therapy history. The aim of this study is to present cases operated due to complex scalp defects, analyze complications, and discuss the choice of reconstruction.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study consists of 14 patients who were operated between December 2017 and August 2019 due to a complex scalp defect. Patient were evaluated according to age, gender, etiology, radiation therapy history, defect size and location, reconstruction steps, cranioplasty and duraplasty options, type of free flap, recipient artery, vein graft requirement, and complications.
RESULTS
The mean age of patients, which consists of 11 men and three women, was 56.7 years. The etiology for scalp defects included basosquamous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, giant basal cell carcinoma, atypical meningioma, glioblastoma multiforme, angiosarcoma, and anaplastic oligodendroglioma. The defect involved the full thickness of calvarium in nine cases and pericranium in five cases. Cranioplasties were made with rib graft (=1), bone graft (=1), and titanium mesh (=7). Free flaps used for reconstruction were musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi (LD) (=4), LD muscle (=3), anterolateral thigh (ALT) (=4), musculocutaneous ALT (=1), vastus lateralis muscle (1), and rectus abdominis muscle (=1). Flap loss was not observed. Complications occurred in four of the patients; include a partial graft loss, a wound dehiscence, seroma, and an unsatisfactory esthetic result.
CONCLUSION
Free tissue transfers rather than local flaps should be opted to reconstruct complex scalp defects, as failure of the latter, could create much greater defects, and worse consequences. There are many options for proper reconstruction, and it is essential to select the appropriate one, taking into account the comorbid conditions of each case.
PubMed: 34712077
DOI: 10.14744/SEMB.2020.98475 -
Annals of Surgery Oct 1976Carcinoma of the anus represents about 2% of cancers of the large bowel. From 1950 to 1970, 20 patients were treated for this condition. Included were 113 patients with...
Carcinoma of the anus represents about 2% of cancers of the large bowel. From 1950 to 1970, 20 patients were treated for this condition. Included were 113 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (31 perianal), 64 with basalid squamous carcinoma, 8 with Paget's disease of the anus, 7 with melanoma, 6 with basal cell carcinoma, and 6 with adenocarcinoma. Combined abdomino-perineal resection was the treatment of choice except for perianal lesions; for these, local excision was used most frequently. Inguinal node dissection was used infrequently, and it is not possible to draw meaningful conclusions from the data. Overall survival rates for patients having anal squamous cell carcinoma are similar except when lymphatic invasion is present; then basaloid lesions have a significantly better prognosis. For rare anal carcinomas, histopathologic findings dictate the end results-- the better the findings and more satisfactory the results.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Anus Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Basosquamous; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Humans; Inguinal Canal; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Paget Disease, Extramammary; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 189707
DOI: 10.1097/00000658-197610000-00004 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... May 2023Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare cutaneous cancer defined as a basal-cell carcinoma that has differentiated into a squamous-cell carcinoma. It is aggressive and...
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare cutaneous cancer defined as a basal-cell carcinoma that has differentiated into a squamous-cell carcinoma. It is aggressive and infiltrative, and known for its multiple recurrences and risk for metastasis.
CASE PRESENTATION
This article describes the case of a 78-year-old man who presented with a several-year history of an infiltrative BSC of his chest-wall invading into his sternum.
CLINICAL DISCUSSION
He was subsequently treated surgically with a chest-wall wide-local excision and sub-total sternectomy, reconstructed with titanium plates and a musculocutaneous anterolateral thigh free-flap.
CONCLUSION
This case highlights a surgical approach to advanced chest-wall BSC.
PubMed: 37060762
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108107 -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Jan 2023Dermoscopy aids in identifying histopathological subtypes and the presence of clinically undetectable pigmentation in basal cell carcinoma (BCC).
INTRODUCTION
Dermoscopy aids in identifying histopathological subtypes and the presence of clinically undetectable pigmentation in basal cell carcinoma (BCC).
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the dermoscopic features of BCC subtypes and better understand non-classical dermoscopic patterns.
METHODS
Clinical and histopathological findings were recorded by a dermatologist who was blinded to the dermoscopic images. Dermoscopic images were interpreted by two independent dermatologists blinded to the patients' clinical and histopathologic diagnosis. Agreement between the two evaluators and with histopathological findings was evaluated using Cohen's kappa coefficient analysis.
RESULTS
The study included a total of 96 BBC patients with 6 histopathologic variants: nodular (n=48, 50%), infiltrative (n=14, 14.6%), mixed (n=11, 11.5%), superficial (n=10, 10.4%), basosquamous (n=10, 10.4%), and micronodular (n=3, 3.1%). Clinical and dermoscopic diagnosis of pigmented BCC showed high agreement with histopathological diagnosis. The most common dermoscopic findings according to subtype were as follows: nodular BCC: shiny white-red structureless background (85.4%), white structureless areas (75%), and arborizing vessels (70.7%); infiltrative BCC: shiny white-red structureless background (92.9%), white structureless areas (78.6%), arborizing vessels (71.4%); mixed BCC: shiny white-red structureless background (72.7%), white structureless areas (54.4%), and short fine telangiectasias (54.4%); superficial BCC: shiny white-red structureless background (100%), short fine telangiectasias (70%); basosquamous BCC: shiny white-red structureless background (100%), white structureless areas (80%), keratin masses (80%); micronodular BCC: short fine telangiectasias (100%).
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, arborizing vessels were the most common classical dermoscopic feature of BCC, while shiny white-red structureless background and white structureless areas were the most frequent non-classical dermoscopic features.
PubMed: 36892362
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1301a4 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2022To study the histological variants and mimickers of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) alongwith different risk factors among a group of patients from eastern India.
OBJECTIVES
To study the histological variants and mimickers of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) alongwith different risk factors among a group of patients from eastern India.
METHODS
The specimen for the study was sent by the dermatology department for histopathology after skin biopsy.
RESULTS
Out of 42 patients, 15 patients studied were males and the rest of the cases were females. The male to female ratio was 0.55:1. Maximum (15 cases) cases were in the age group of 50-59 years. Apart from sunlight, chronic arsenic exposure is an important risk factor of BCC. Basal cell hyperplasia and squamous cell carcinoma are the histological differential diagnosis of nodular BCC and basosquamous BCC.
CONCLUSION
BCC is a disease of the older age group and with female preponderance in our study. Nodular basal cell carcinoma was the most common histologic type of basal cell carcinoma. The face was the most common site for BCC followed by the scalp. UV radiations and Arsenic do play role in the pathogenesis of BCC. CD10 helps differentiate superficial BCC from basal cell hyperplasia.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Aged; Middle Aged; Hyperplasia; Arsenic; Skin Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Risk Factors
PubMed: 36308196
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_180_21 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2020Asian population is a low-risk group for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and there is little data available in this setting. Sun-exposed BCC (SEBCC) may possess a different...
Asian population is a low-risk group for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and there is little data available in this setting. Sun-exposed BCC (SEBCC) may possess a different pathogenic mechanism from non-sun-exposed BCC (NSEBCC). To compare the histopathological profiles and outcomes between SEBCC and NSEBCC, and to assess the risk factors for tumor recurrences. Retrospective cohort study on 372 patients with pathologically diagnosed BCC from January 1, 1990 to August 31, 2017. Data were derived from a single medical center in Taiwan. SEBCC presented with higher Clark level and more high-risk factors for recurrence than NSEBCC. Nodular, micronodular, infiltrating/mixed infiltrating, basosquamous, and adenoid types were predominant in SEBCC, as superficial type in NSEBCC. Risk factors for recurrence included infiltrating/mixed-infiltrating subtypes and synchronous basosquamous cell carcinoma. No recurrence events were observed in NSEBCC. Our study showed an acceptable recurrence rate (4.2%) of the whole population after excision even under a smaller surgical margin width than suggested by current guidelines. SEBCC had a higher recurrence rate with a significantly different tumor characteristic from NSEBCC and a greater tumor depth than NSEBCC. A wider surgical margin in SEBCC than NSEBCC is suggested.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Skin Neoplasms; Sunlight
PubMed: 32355183
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64391-9 -
Journal (Canadian Dental Association) May 2007Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity. The conventional tumour and several histologic subtypes of SCC present... (Review)
Review
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity. The conventional tumour and several histologic subtypes of SCC present morphologic features and specific behaviour when they occur in the oral mucosa. For example, basaloid SCC is an aggressive tumour and verrucous carcinoma has the lowest invasive and metastatic potential; however, the clinical and biologic course of these oral SCC variants has not been completely established. Furthermore, although numerous clinical and histologic features associated with oral SCC have been identified, none shows unequivocal prognostic significance. The purpose of this article is to review the various subtypes of oral SCC, emphasizing problems in their histologic diagnosis and prognosis.
Topics: Carcinoma, Basosquamous; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Carcinoma, Verrucous; Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Prognosis
PubMed: 17484800
DOI: No ID Found